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It was mainly designed for fuzzing/evil testing purposes, when toxy becomes particularly useful to cover fault tolerance and resiliency capabilities of a system, especially in. Mit. M proxy among services. HTTP flow as you need, performing multiple evil actions in the middle of that process, such as limiting the bandwidth, delaying TCP packets, injecting network jitter latency or replying with a custom error or status code. It operates only at L7 (application level). It was built on top of. HTTP proxy, and it's also. Requires node. js +0. Full- featured HTTP/S proxy (backed by. Hackable and elegant programmatic API (inspired on connect/express). Admin HTTP API for external management and dynamic configuration. Featured built- in router with nested configuration. Hierarchical and composable poisoning with rule based filtering. Hierarchical middleware layer (both global and route scopes). Easily augmentable via middleware (based on connect/express middleware). Supports both incoming and outgoing traffic poisoning. Built- in poisons (bandwidth, error, abort, latency, slow read..). Rule- based poisoning (probabilistic, HTTP method, headers, body..). Supports third- party poisons and rules. Built- in balancer and traffic interceptor via middleware. Inherits API and features from. Compatible with connect/express (and most of their middleware). Able to run as standalone HTTP proxy. There're some other similar solutions like. Furthermore, the majority of the those solutions only operates at TCP L3 level stack instead of providing high- level abstractions to cover common requirements in the specific domain and nature of the HTTP L7 protocol, like toxy tries to provide. HTTP protocol primitives easily. Via its built- in hierarchical domain specific middleware layer you can easily augment toxy features to your own needs. HTTP transaction (e. One HTTP transaction can be poisoned by one or multiple poisons, and those poisons can be also configured to infect both global or route level traffic. HTTP request/response in order to determine, given a certain rules, if the HTTP transaction should be poisioned or not (e. Rules can be reused and applied to both incoming and outgoing traffic flows, including different scopes: global, route or poison level. Incoming request ) ↓. Toxy Router | ↓ - > Match the incoming request. Incoming phase | ↓ - > The proxy receives the request from the client. Exec Rules | | ↓ - > Apply configured rules for the incoming request. Exec Poisons | | ↓ - > If all rules passed, then poison the HTTP flow. HTTP dispatcher | ↓ - > Forward the HTTP traffic to the target server, either poisoned or not. Outgoing phase | ↓ - > Receives response from target server. Exec Rules | | ↓ - > Apply configured rules for the outgoing request. Exec Poisons | | ↓ - > If all rules passed, then poison the HTTP flow before send it to the client. Send to the client ) ↓ - > Finally, send the request to the client, either poisoned or not. Create a new toxy proxy. Default server to forward incoming traffic. Register global poisons and rules. Register multiple routes. Rule(rules. headers({'Authorization': /^Bearer (.*)$/i })). Infect outgoing traffic only (after the server replied properly). Poison(poisons. bandwidth({ bps: 5. Rule(rules. method('GET')). Rule(rules. time. Threshold({ duration: 1. Rule(rules. response. Status({ range: [ 2. Limit({ limit: 1. Rule(rules. method(['POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE'])). And use a different more permissive poison for GET requests. Limit({ limit: 5. Rule(rules. method('GET')). Handle the rest of the traffic. Close({ delay: 1. Read({ bps: 1. 28 })). Rule(rules. probability(5. Server listening on port: ', 3. Test it: ', 'http: //localhost: 3. Poisons host specific logic which intercepts and mutates, wraps, modify and/or cancel an HTTP transaction in the proxy server. Poisons can be applied to incoming or outgoing, or even both traffic flows. Poisons can be composed and reused for different HTTP scenarios. They are executed in FIFO order and asynchronously. Poisoning scopes. HTTP traffic received by the proxy server, regardless of the HTTP method or path. HTTP verb and URI path. Poisons can be plugged to both scopes, meaning you can operate with better accuracy and restrict the scope of the poisoning. Poisoning phases. Poisons can be plugged to incoming or outgoing traffic flows, or even both. This means, essentially, that you can plug in your poisons to infect the HTTP traffic. HTTP server or sent to the client. This allows you apply a better and more accurated poisoning based on the request or server response. For instance, given the nature of some poisons, like. Built- in poisons. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Infects the HTTP flow injecting a latency jitter in the response. Jitter value in miliseconds. Random jitter maximum value. Random jitter minimum value. Or alternatively using a random value. Inject response. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Injects a custom response, intercepting the request before sending it to the target server. Useful to inject errors originated in the server. Response HTTP status code. Default. - Optional headers to send. Optional body data to send. It can be a. - Body encoding. Default to. toxy. Content- Type': 'application/json'}. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Limits the amount of bytes sent over the network in outgoing HTTP traffic for a specific time frame. This poison is basically an alias to. Amount of chunk of bytes to send. Default. - Packets time frame in miliseconds. Default. toxy. poison(toxy. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Limits the amount of requests received by the proxy in a specific threshold time frame. Designed to test API limits. Exposes typical. X- Rate. Limit- *. Note that this is very simple rate limit implementation, indeed limits are stored in- memory, therefore are completely volalite. There're a bunch of featured and consistent rate limiter implementations in. You might be also interested in. Total amount of requests. Default to. - Limit time frame in miliseconds. Default to. - Optional error message when limit is reached. HTTP status code when limit is reached. Default to. toxy. Limit({ limit: 5, threshold: 1. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Reads incoming payload data packets slowly. Only valid for non- GET request. Packet chunk size in bytes. Default to. - Limit threshold time frame in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Read({ chunk: 2. 04. Poisoning Phase. Reaches the server. Delays the HTTP connection ready state. Delay connection in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Open({ delay: 2. 00. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Delays the HTTP connection close signal (EOF). Delay time in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Close({ delay: 2. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Restricts the amount of packets sent over the network in a specific threshold time frame. Packet chunk size in bytes. Default to. - Data chunk delay time frame in miliseconds. Default to. toxy. Abort connection. Poisoning Phase. incoming / outgoing. Reaches the server. Aborts the TCP connection. From the low- level perspective, this will destroy the socket on the server, operating only at TCP level without sending any specific HTTP application level data. Aborts TCP connection after waiting the given miliseconds. Default to. , the connection will be aborted if the target server takes more than the. Default to. - Custom internal node. Default to. // Basic connection abort. Abort after a delay. In this case, the socket will be closed if. 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Released (outdated)2. Based on Mandrake 1. Very thorough with advanced server sections. Released (outdated)2. Based on Ubuntu 5. Hoary Hedgehog. Now includes SASL & TLS integration. Released (outdated)2. Based on Breezy Badger, Ubuntu 5. Includes Postgrey. Released (outdated). Based on Ubuntu 6. LTS, Dapper Drake. Was to be based on Edgy Eft, Ubuntu 6. Domain Key signing. Released (outdated). Updated, based on Ubuntu 8. LTS Hardy Heron. Using Amazon EC2 as example. Tested with 8. 1. Released (outdated). Based on Ubuntu 8. Using official Ubuntu ec. Released (outdated). Based on Ubuntu 9. Canonical's cloud images. Added Roundcube webmail option. Released (outdated). Based on Ubuntu 1. LTS (lucid) using Canonical's cloud images. Tested on 1. 0. 1. Tested on 1. 1. 0. Based on Ubuntu 1. LTS (precise). Tested with 1. Based on Ubuntu 1. LTS (trusty). 2. 01. Based on Ubuntu 1. LTS (trusty). Added Dovecot. Based on Ubuntu 1. LTS (xenial). Further details available in the change log and below in the introduction. Introduction. Aim. This is a step by step howto guide to set. GNU / Linux system. It is easy to follow, but you. The server accepts unlimited domains and users. It is secure, traffic can encrypted. Don't take my word for it! Research others opinions and methods. Look at my references. Postfix. org's howtos. E. g. Kyle's or Hildebrandt's). If you refer to this howto in your own document. If you found this howto very useful, spread the word and help others? If this howto was exceptionally useful why not donate me some beer money? Or buy a postfix book using my Amazon affiliate links further down? Or buy a t- shirt from my t- shirt shop? Otherwise send me a Thank You note? Bitcoin (BTC): 1. NUbs. Hd. 25oe. ZSUhwa. Pd. CQj. 9c. BHVwxhhhn. Ethereum (ETH): 0x. B7. 2ba. A7. AA3. C8. E7b. F1. 84c. F1. 3Eb. E0cd. 4BC0. B2a. 0. Software. What software packages have/will I use and why. OS: Ubuntu Linux. 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Powerful renowned spam fighting tool. Anti- Virus: Clam. AV. Free virus scanner that can be trusted and includes update daemon. Authentication: Cyrus SASL. Secure and trusted cryptography technology. SMTP traffic. Postgrey is an excellent little script to stop 9. All it does is on first contact for specific from- to combinations. When proper servers try again after a few minutes it lets it through. Encryption: TLS. Secure and trusted cryptography technology. SMTP traffic. Not too be confused with client encryption technology. Gnu. PG and S/MIME. They are covered in the. Formerly referenced as SSL. Web. Mail: Squirrel. Mail or Roundcube. Easy to set up php based web mail client. Extensive plugin selection. Ajaxified prettier web mail client. Not quite as solid as Squirrel. Mail. Platform: Amazon ec. This guide can be installed locally, co- located or in the cloud. My preference is ec. I provide ec. 2 based examples. Please see software links appendix for further information. In that section there is more links to. Further software and tweaks are discussed in the. Also review other peoples opinion on these packages via my references. Installation. Distribution. This section is different for every distribution and for every version. This howto is based on Ubuntu and its base of debian which uses apt- get. Therefore this section uses apt packages to its fullest. For other installation method please refer to previous edition's. My 2nd edition(outdated) has instructions. Mandriva, general RPM and tarball compiling. To follow the rest of this howto with another distribution. E. g My. SQL lookup on postfix and sasl, php in apache etc. I have set up mail servers using the 3. E. g. Mac platforms should work too. With installing Ubuntu you have a choice of which base system to install. You may choose server or desktop image or very basic setups. I will assume a server install, but it should not differ. If you have chosen an ec. I strongly suggest choosing the latest LTS version of Ubuntu, not the versions in between. Once this is set up you will tinker very little with it, and it will quickly be annoying to upgrade distributions once a year. Ps. Please note that after a while Ill stop specifying the use of sudo. My advice is to use 'sudo'. For assistance with repositories, refer to this article on ubuntu's wiki. I would recommend find a repository archive close to your server's location. For example a country specific one or if hosted on AWS EC2 an archive in your AWS region. Remember these are highly security sensitive so choose one you trust. You need the main and universe repositories. The multiverse, restricted and partner can be added but are not needed. Do not add backports. Uncomment the lines that have commented out universe. E. g. here are mine for ec. Europe. deb http: //eu- west- 1. Note the security repository always have to go to the non- mirrored server. As mentioned in the previous edition. You need to install a whole bunch of packages. We will install them bit by bit. But first check your package sources are correctly pointing to main multiverse restricted universe. Ubuntu version. sudo vi /etc/apt/sources. Secondly update your current system. Note: aptitude is no longer supplied in the base install of Ubuntu. This is due to some concurrency issues. Some part of this document may still refer to aptitude. You should use the original apt- get instead. Additional packages. I also install a few other packages that I personally prefer. But nothing todo with the mail server. Mutt is a very usefull command line mail client that I always install. I usually do that at the end when testing so that it doesn't. Postfix before I am ready. Package status. To find out which packages you may have installed. And to find which are available. Configuration. Simple mail server. Now lets configure a simple mail server using some of. Firewall. Shorewall. Not essential for an EC2 image. It is essential for a normal server. UFW is bundled with recent Ubuntu distributions. I still prefer Shorewall for servers. Installationsudo apt- get install shorewall shorewall- doc. Amazon provides a firewall/ access control for its servers. And in all others situations; a must have. Basically at first you want to only allow SSH. Then SMTP and IMAP from your IP only. When you are confident that the mail server is secure. SMTP to the world. If you prefer you can also open IMAP to the world. IP range. Later you may open web access to the webmail and admin gui. This you may also restrict to specific IPs. By default Shorewall in Ubuntu has an empty set up. You can find the default values for Shorewall in. And examples in /usr/share/doc/shorewall/examples. We will create a basic set up. First configure which network adapters we are accessing the net. Then we will configure network zones. Add the firewall if not there and the internet as a zone. Then if needed to specify hosts you can do it in this file. E. g. If you wanto specify what is your home IP etc. Then set what is the default policy for firewall access. FW net ACCEPT. FW DROP info. DROP info. all all REJECT info. Many people search how to increase Internet speed, I'll share few PC Tips and tricks which will boost internet speed. Learn how to increase download speed. After installing Windows 10, are you feeling that your Inter bandwidth is dropping away. Then, increase Internet speed in Windows 10 by 80% for faster browsing. 10 Best Public DNS Servers list DNS Servers does help optimize internet speed a little bit. Updating the Internet DNS server configuration will improve the. ![]() Free Fast Public DNS Servers To Increase Internet Speed – 2. Posted By Anish Sangamam on Jun 1. Best Public DNS Servers List. DNS Servers does help optimize internet speed a little bit. Details about Dell Windows 10 Pro 64 Desktop Computer PC 2.80Ghz 4Gb High Speed Internet Ready. Updating the Internet DNS server configuration will improve the performance of your Internet connection . Previously, I had written post on Finding the best dns servers based on your location. Let me talk about the my ISP ‘s DNS server. BSNL is my internet service provider and it does suck. It works like the toys from china,you know what I mean ? . BSNL ‘ s ping is too high and their dns servers are the worst. Hence I always choose open DNS for my computer instead of the one provided by my ISP. The basic task of DNS server is to translate host- names such as Bleeping. Tech. com to IP addresses like 1. The reason it converts names into number is becuase computers can’t read letters. Another important use of DNS is email routing. Top Free Public DNS Servers list. Google public DNS server ip address. Open DNS offers DNS server that can block adult content as well. Its also called Open DNS Family Shield. To know more please sign up here. Level. 3 dns servers gets routed to the nearest DNS server which is operated by Level. They are the major providers for most ISPs in the US. It automatically blocks adult content on the internet by default. Even adult searches on google won’t be allowed if you use Securly DNS1. Using Norton DNS will block sites that have malware, spam,scam and phishing . How to Setup or Change DNS Server IP addresses on your computer? Click the start button —> go to control panel. Open network and sharing center. Click on change adapter settings on the left. Right click on local area connection –> Properties. Highlight internet protocol version 4 and hit properties. Select use the following DNS server addresses. In the proffered DNS server put 8. In the same manner enter the alternate dns server address. Changing DNS server as per your operating System. Windows XP, Vista, 2. NT, 9. 8, Windows 7, ME , Mac OS X Snow Leopard , OS X Leopard, OS 9, OS X Mountain Lion, OS X Lion, OS X Tiger, Ubuntu etc – Check here https: //developers. Linux OSFree BSD Operating System. I hope you enjoyed reading the article. To be honest the speed won’t increase much but you will see the performance improvement for sure. |
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